unraid 连接 wifi|使徒

1.检查无线网卡和驱动

1.检查无限接口名称通常以wl开头

ip link

root@EclipsedRui:~# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: tunl0@NONE: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq master bond0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master br0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: tailscale1: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc fq state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 500
    link/none

未寻找到无线接口

2.检查驱动状态

dmesg | grep iwlwifi

root@EclipsedRui:~# dmesg | grep iwlwifi
root@EclipsedRui:~#

未寻找到驱动

3.查看 PCI 网卡及驱动状态

lspci -k | grep -iA3 network

root@EclipsedRui:~# lspci -k | grep -iA3 network
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH CNVi WiFi (rev 11)
        DeviceName: Onboard - Ethernet
        Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 4090
        Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci

Intel Alder Lake 无线网卡 的驱动被错误绑定到 vfio-pci（一种用于 PCI 设备直通的驱动）。
vfio-pci 会将设备从宿主机“隔离”，通常用于虚拟机直通（如 KVM/QEMU），导致宿主机无法直接使用该设备。

2.解除vfio-pci绑定

1.确认无限网卡的PCI地址

lspci

root@EclipsedRui:~# lspci 
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge (rev 04)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S GT1 [UHD Graphics 770] (rev 08)
00:0a.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Platform Monitoring Technology (rev 01)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 XHCI Controller (rev 11)
00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Shared SRAM (rev 11)
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH CNVi WiFi (rev 11)
00:15.0 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 11)
00:15.2 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #2 (rev 11)
00:15.3 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #3 (rev 11)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH HECI Controller #1 (rev 11)
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] (rev 11)
00:19.0 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #4 (rev 11)
00:19.1 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #5 (rev 11)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev 11)
00:1e.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO UART #0 (rev 11)
00:1e.3 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH Serial IO SPI Controller #1 (rev 11)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 7a87 (rev 11)
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S HD Audio Controller (rev 11)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH SMBus Controller (rev 11)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH SPI Controller (rev 11)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)

2.手动释放设备并绑定到iwlwifi 驱动

echo 0000:00:14.3 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind

echo 0000:00:14.3 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/iwlwifi/bind

lspci -k -s 00:14.3

# 释放设备
root@EclipsedRui:~# echo 0000:00:14.3 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/vfio-pci/unbind
0000:00:14.3
# 绑定到iwlwifi
root@EclipsedRui:~# echo 0000:00:14.3 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/iwlwifi/bind
0000:00:14.3
# 查看状态
root@EclipsedRui:~# lspci -k -s 00:14.3
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH CNVi WiFi (rev 11)
        DeviceName: Onboard - Ethernet
        Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 4090
        Kernel modules: iwlwifi

3.加载启动

sudo modprobe iwlwifi

4.查看是否出现无线接口

ip link

5.未出现wl 开头的无线接口（出现 -> 6）

1.检查 dmesg 输出是否有驱动错误

dmesg | grep iwlwifi

2.强制重置PCI设备

# 移除设备（需替换 PCI 地址）
root@EclipsedRui:~# echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:14.3/remove
1
# 重新扫描 PCI 总线
root@EclipsedRui:~# echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/rescan
1
# 再次检查驱动绑定
root@EclipsedRui:~# lspci -k -s 00:14.3
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-S PCH CNVi WiFi (rev 11)
        DeviceName: Onboard - Ethernet
        Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 4090
        Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
        Kernel modules: iwlwifi
# 查看无限接口是否存在
root@EclipsedRui:~# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: tunl0@NONE: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq master bond0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master br0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:1b:83:97:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: tailscale1: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc fq state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 500
    link/none 
7: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:28:4a:31:9a:43 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6.永久修复（避免重启后失效）

1. 移除 `vfio-pci` 的绑定配置

检查以下文件是否包含无线网卡的 PCI 地址：

/etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf
/etc/default/grub（检查 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 是否包含 vfio-pci.ids=...）

若存在类似配置，删除无线网卡的 PCI ID（8086:7af0）或禁用相关设置。

# 更新 initramfs 并重启
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot

2.若未找到文件

1. 确认 Unraid 的 PCI 直通配置

通过 Web 界面解除 VFIO 绑定

进入 Unraid Web 界面 → Tools → System Devices。
找到无线网卡（PCI ID 00:14.3，Vendor:Device ID 8086:7af0）。
取消勾选该设备的 VFIO 绑定选项。
点击 Apply 保存设置。

2. 修改 Unraid 内核启动参数

Unraid 的启动参数保存在 /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg，需手动编辑：

nano /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg

找到以 append initrd=/bzroot 开头的行，检查是否包含 vfio-pci.ids=... 参数。

若有，删除无线网卡的 ID 8086:7af0（保留其他设备 ID，避免影响其他直通设备）。

3. 屏蔽 `vfio-pci` 驱动对无线网卡的劫持

在 Unraid 中，可以通过 modprobe 黑名单实现：

# 创建黑名单配置文件
nano /boot/config/modprobe.d/vfio-blacklist.conf

添加以下内容（阻止 vfio-pci 绑定到无线网卡）：

# 屏蔽 Intel 无线网卡（设备ID 8086:7af0）
blacklist vfio-pci
options vfio-pci ids=!8086:7af0

4. 强制加载 `iwlwifi` 驱动

编辑 Unraid 的启动脚本 /boot/config/go，确保每次启动加载驱动：

nano /boot/config/go

在文件末尾添加以下内容：

# 加载 Intel 无线驱动
modprobe iwlwifi
# 启用接口（接口名根据实际情况调整）
ip link set dev wlan0 up

3.连接wifi

1.启动 wlan0

ip link set dev wlan0 up

2.连接网络

1.生成 Wi-Fi 配置文件

wpa_passphrase "<Wi-Fi名称>" "<密码>" | sudo tee /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ctrl_interface_group=root
network={
    ssid="Your_WiFi_Name"                                                                                                                         
    psk="Your_WiFi_Password"
}

2.连接网络

sudo wpa_supplicant -i <接口名> -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B

控制接口文件残留 or 无线驱动重复配置

Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
nl80211: kernel reports: Match already configured
ctrl_iface exists and seems to be in use - cannot override it
Delete '/var/run/wpa_supplicant/wlan0' manually if it is not used anymore
Failed to initialize control interface '/var/run/wpa_supplicant'.
You may have another wpa_supplicant process already running or the file was
left by an unclean termination of wpa_supplicant in which case you will need
to manually remove this file before starting wpa_supplicant again.

wlan0: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
wlan0: CTRL-EVENT-DSCP-POLICY clear_all
nl80211: deinit ifname=wlan0 disabled_11b_rates=0

# 强制终止所有 wpa_supplicant 进程
sudo pkill -9 wpa_supplicant
# 删除残留的 socket 文件
sudo rm -f /var/run/wpa_supplicant/wlan0
# 重新运行 
sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B

3.验证连接状态

iw dev wlan0 link

root@EclipsedRui:/var# iw dev wlan0 link
Connected to 94:d9:b3:fa:7b:90 (on wlan0)
        SSID: TP-LINK_2402
        freq: 5745.0
        RX: 94656 bytes (294 packets)
        TX: 118312 bytes (277 packets)
        signal: -67 dBm
        rx bitrate: 24.0 MBit/s
        tx bitrate: 26.0 MBit/s VHT-MCS 3 VHT-NSS 1
        bss flags: short-slot-time
        dtim period: 1
        beacon int: 100

4.获取ip地址

sudo dhclient wlan0 
or
sudo dhcpcd wlan0

5.测试互联网访问

# 测试基础网络
ping -c4 8.8.8.8           
# 测试 DNS
ping -c4 www.baidu.com

4.持久化wifi信息，并自动连接

1.Unraid 的文件系统特性：

Unraid 的根文件系统 (/) 是临时性的，重启后所有修改都会丢失（包括 /etc 目录下的文件）。
持久化配置必须存储在 /boot/config 目录（该目录对应 U 盘上的 config 文件夹）。

2.将配置文件保存到持久化目录

生成或复制 wpa_supplicant.conf 到 /boot/config

3.修改启动脚本以加载持久化配置

# 加载驱动
modprobe iwlwifi
# 将持久化配置复制到 /etc 目录
cp /boot/config/wpa_supplicant.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
# 启用接口并连接
ip link set dev wlan0 up
wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
# 选择其一
dhcpcd wlan0 or sudo dhcpcd wlan0

1.检查无线网卡和驱动

1.检查无限接口名称 通常以wl开头

2.检查驱动状态

3.查看 PCI 网卡及驱动状态

2.解除vfio-pci绑定

1.确认无限网卡的PCI地址

2.手动释放设备并绑定到iwlwifi 驱动

3.加载启动

4.查看是否出现无线接口

5.未出现wl 开头的无线接口（出现 -> 6）

1.检查 dmesg 输出是否有驱动错误

2.强制重置PCI设备

6.永久修复（避免重启后失效）

1. 移除 vfio-pci 的绑定配置

2.若未找到文件

1. 确认 Unraid 的 PCI 直通配置

2. 修改 Unraid 内核启动参数

3. 屏蔽 vfio-pci 驱动对无线网卡的劫持

4. 强制加载 iwlwifi 驱动

3.连接wifi

1.启动 wlan0

2.连接网络

1.生成 Wi-Fi 配置文件

2.连接网络

3.验证连接状态

4.获取ip地址

5.测试互联网访问

4.持久化wifi信息，并自动连接

1.Unraid 的文件系统特性：

2.将配置文件保存到持久化目录

3.修改启动脚本以加载持久化配置

linux 常用命令

FRP配置

芙芙

1.检查无限接口名称通常以wl开头

1. 移除 `vfio-pci` 的绑定配置

3. 屏蔽 `vfio-pci` 驱动对无线网卡的劫持

4. 强制加载 `iwlwifi` 驱动